Effects of advertising Essay

Ads are all over, going by all ways that could be available, penetrating the security that each individual holds imperative to themselves and their family. American Marketing Association characterizes publicizing as â€Å"the non-individual correspondence of data generally paid for and normally convincing in nature about items, administrations or thoughts by recognized supporters through the different media.† Today, with the advancement of the innovation and the decent variety of the broad communications, promoting has affected us unavoidably in our day by day life. Publicizing has been applied in the vast majority of fields in the public eye, for example, affordable advertisings, instructive advertisings, political advertisings, and solid advertisings, and so on. Publicizing is utilized to advance products, administrations, pictures, and whatever else that promoters need to advertise. It is turning into a significant piece of broad communications. We may see it emphatically; at different occasions we may simply skip or overlook it. So as to pull in crowd, sponsors utilize different strategies on their promotion to make individuals mindful of the firm’s items, administrations, or brands. In spite of the fact that the techniques utilized by publicists are limitlessly, they have a shared objective to convince the individuals who may turn into their clients to purchase their items. A brilliant commercial will make a profound impact on its expected clients through specific strategies. They convey their commercial through TV, radio, magazines and papers, web, announcements, and other multi-media implies. By publicizing, people or organizations can get all the more additional benefits from their items, advance their items, and increase the most significant reason †to sell. As a rule, there are some negative impacts †some irritating deterrents in our day by day lives. It makes our nerves, contorts reality, and adds to the expense of the item. Publicizing is intended for one reason †to sell. To accomplish this objective, promoters are eager to extend and twist reality, just to persuade individuals to purchase their items. For instance, an advertiserâ may persuade purchasers to buy their items by expressing those have been tried and discovered unrivaled. In actuality, the items are worse than some other †the tests themselves certainly led by the advancing organization †directed to guarantee in any event something is unrivaled about the item, regardless of whether it is just the shading. These promotions are worded cautiously so they are telling the â€Å"literal truth† †the fact of the matter is actually what the words state, in spite of the fact that individuals confuse the message by utilizing conversational rationale as something else †something better. By utilizing cunning strategies like these, the masses is tricked into purchasing an item that may not do what is required, or an item that a purchaser may have never required. That is the reason promoting isn't useful for our general public. To start with, I might want to examine about the negative impacts to kids and youth. One of the most degenerate types of promoting originates from cigarette organizations. As per some examiner, â€Å"Cigarette promotions are corrupting not just on the grounds that the items behind them are demonstrated to be a wellbeing danger, yet in addition on the grounds that the notices are engaged toward more youthful generations.† Many commercials utilize youthful, appealing, sound looking models when publicizing for a brand of cigarettes or brew. Organization advancements have driven individuals to associate certain items with sentiments of satisfaction or rapture. There is no uncertainty that individuals smoke the most vigorously publicized brands of cigarettes. â€Å"Tobacco promoting builds youthful people’s danger of smoking by utilizing topics that intrigue to them, for example, fun occasions, activity, and being well known and attractive.† (Family Education 1). Advertisings that gracefully the Surgeon General’s cautioning alongside the fundamental body of the message are unmitigatedly contradictive. These advertisings demonstrate that there are numerous types of publicizing with no ethics, and that organizations will make a huge effort to have their name and picture advanced paying little heed to the outcomes. The nation’s organizations have put themselves before the youngsters. Like the instance of cigarette organizations, Ph.D. Henry Saffer show that going through cash to promote liquor adds to expand the pace of understudies drinking. Liquor stays well known with American understudies, as showed by the Core Institute Survey (1998). In 1997, 84.2% of understudies detailed drinking liquor, an expansion of 2% over the earlier year. For examination, there were comparable increments in the pervasiveness of tobacco and maryjane use. Moderate to overwhelming drinking additionally expanded with relating decreases in abstention and light drinking. Across the nation, understudies announced expending a normal of 5.64 beverages every week in 1997, up about 7% more than 1996. The Core Institute likewise announced that 45.5% of understudies had expended at least five beverages at a time in the past about fourteen days. Over 21% of the understudies announced at least three scenes of this sort of high-chance savoring the past about fourteen days. At long last, over 90% of American undergrads revealed that drinking is a focal piece of grounds public activity. (Henry Saffer, Ph.D., Alcohol Advertising and Youth, pg. 173) As indicated by Competitive Media Reporting, more than $1.2 billion was spent in 1998 on liquor publicizing in estimated media (i.e., print media, outside promoting, radio and TV). An extra 66% billion dollars was spent on different types of advancement, including sponsorships, couponing and post office based mail. Liquor publicizing had diminished from 1987 to 1996 by 34%, in genuine terms. Be that as it may, since 1997, liquor promoting has been expanding. Some portion of the ongoing increment incorporates the utilization of satellite TV by spirits promoters. (Henry Saffer, Ph.D., Alcohol Advertising and Youth, pg. 173) Second, notices can change or effect an individual’s conduct, disposition, desires, or connections. The additionally promoting that an individual watches the more that they are affected by it. The more that they are impacted by publicizing the less significant their connections become. Therefore, the practices that we show and the impacts on our physical condition are straightforwardly influenced by the measure of ads that we see. In the realm of publicizing, darlings are things and things are sweethearts (Kilbourne, Can’t Buy My Love: How promoting changes the manner in which we think and feel, pg. 77). Tragically, publicizing advances a degenerate and bankrupt idea of connections (Kilbourne, Can’t Buy My Love: How promoting changes the manner in which we think and feel, pg. 77). It is unavoidable and incredibly harming to our connections and particularly families. With the separation rate and domesticâ violence rate at the most elevated it has ever been, it is important to assess the impacts of promoting to our connections. It has become increasingly more hard to identify with our accomplices in a way that isn’t generalizing and exploitative. These are pictures that are constrained into our heads and we may have next to no influence over. In addition, publicizing makes pictures of what is fitting conduct in a relationship, utilizing items. That conduct isn't generally one that is optimistic for genuine connections and for the most part can be extremely harming to cozy and individual connections. Publicizing has an impact in directing our desires for our mate, extending from cash and garments to conduct and mentality. Accordingly, when messages and pictures are over and again introduced to us they unavoidably affect our connections. Our personal connections have been trivialized and our associations with items have gotten progressively significant. Another negative impact is that a few advertisings utilize the sexual substance to pull in the consideration of customers. Reliably, considers have exhibited that sexual interests stand out to the publicizing, regularly without a relating advantage for brand data handling. Sexual substance might be attractive and engaging, yet it may not be open and may divert the watcher from the message. Reichert, Heckler, and Jackson (2001) guarantee that when sexual boost is utilized in publicizing, viewers’ perceptual and preparing assets are coordinated toward the sexual data in the advertisement instead of toward the brand. In this way, they won't have a perspicacious choice to purchase the items. As of late days, on the TV, some organization attempt to build up the insane adverting venture that utilization women’s tummy to publicize. They make some little publicizing sheets and they glue them on the paunch of ladies and afterward they request that they wear short skirt and two-piece, after that they will circumvent some open areas. For this situation, it is exceptionally idiotic that it can advance the women’s body not the items. At long last, utilize sexual substance to publicize is one of the negative impacts of promoting that is more terrible in the general public. Since forever lawmakers have utilized different techniques, for example, convincing talks, political promoting and political assemblies, to accomplish their â€Å"primary objective, the triumphant votes†. In any case, as indicated by the consequences of theâ research made by Won Ho Chang (Professor and Director of the Stephenonson Research Center at the University of Missouri’s School of Journalism), Jae-Jin Park (Public Relation Specialist with LG Corporation in Seoul, Korea) and Sung Wook Shim (graduate understudy in the School of Journalism at the University of Missouri) in 1998 â€Å"over the years, government officials have discovered that it is generally profitable to utilize political publicizing to convince voters†. For instance, most of presidential crusades rely upon TV promoting. Clinton burned through $12 million of his $30.9 million cutoff on TV ads in the primaries, $42.4 million during r

Free Essays on In Edgar Allan Poe

In Edgar Allan Poe’s sonnets he expounds on death and dimness. All through his sonnets, â€Å"The Raven† and â€Å"The Bells†, Poe composes of death, dimness, and insidiousness. Many state he expounds on this as a result of his youth issues. (Slovey p. 15) As you keep on perusing, it will show how others feel about his works and his craving to expound on death. In Edgar Allen Poe’s sonnet, The Bells, Poe tells how chimes can have an influence all through death and this makes perusers disdain the sonnet however it additionally positively affects perusers when Poe recounts ringers being utilized as images of adoration. For instance, some vibe that Poe’s want for death makes the sonnet less intriguing. W.M. Auden tells how the Bells was less fascinating yet was progressively effective in light of the fact that the subject is only a reason for onomatopoeic endeavors. Likewise, some vibe that Poe expounds on death and obscurity due to his drinking issues he had. (Slovey p. 22) Anthony Caputi feels that this sonnet denotes the elevated tide of Poe’s ineffectuality and furthermore bears declaration to his huge present for graceful origination and consequently faces us with the unconventional issue of Poe. (Verse Criticism). What's more, some vibe this sonnet has a feeling of good and magnificence to it. Floyd Stovall composes how Poe characterized verse as music joined with a pleasurable thought and the artists truth is an energy of the spirit and it is the result of the consideration of excellence. So in Poe’s sonnet, The Bells, he composes of death and wickedness yet in addition of good and love that leaves a positive and a negative impact on perusers. In Edgar Allen Poe’s ,The Raven, Poe utilizes a feeling of haziness and wickedness all through the sonnet by utilizing the dark feathered creature as an image of shrewdness. A few perusers can't see how this sonnet has turned out to be so well known considering t he detestable that was utilized all through the sonnet. Allen Tate says he can add almost no to analysis of The Raven written in numerous entries that are thinks about how it very well may be an incredible sonnet and how... Free Essays on In Edgar Allan Poe Free Essays on In Edgar Allan Poe In Edgar Allan Poe’s sonnets he expounds on death and dimness. All through his sonnets, â€Å"The Raven† and â€Å"The Bells†, Poe composes of death, obscurity, and underhandedness. Many state he expounds on this as a result of his youth issues. (Slovey p. 15) As you keep on perusing, it will show how others feel about his compositions and his longing to expound on death. In Edgar Allen Poe’s sonnet, The Bells, Poe tells how ringers can have an impact all through death and this makes perusers despise the sonnet yet it additionally positively affects perusers when Poe recounts chimes being utilized as images of adoration. For instance, some vibe that Poe’s want for death makes the sonnet less fascinating. W.M. Auden tells how the Bells was less fascinating yet was increasingly effective on the grounds that the subject is only a reason for onomatopoeic endeavors. Likewise, some vibe that Poe expounds on death and obscurity in view of his drinking issu es he had. (Slovey p. 22) Anthony Caputi feels that this sonnet denotes the elevated tide of Poe’s ineffectuality and furthermore bears declaration to his enormous present for lovely origination and along these lines stands up to us with the unconventional issue of Poe. (Verse Criticism). Moreover, some vibe this sonnet has a feeling of good and excellence to it. Floyd Stovall composes how Poe characterized verse as music joined with a pleasurable thought and the artists truth is an energy of the spirit and it is the result of the consideration of excellence. So in Poe’s sonnet, The Bells, he composes of death and fiendishness yet in addition of good and love that leaves a positive and a negative impact on perusers. In Edgar Allen Poe’s ,The Raven, Poe utilizes a feeling of dimness and insidiousness all through the sonnet by utilizing the dark feathered creature as an image of fiendishness. A few perusers can't see how this sonnet has turned out to be so well kn own considering the shrewd that was utilized all through the sonnet. Allen Tate says he can add next to no to analysis of The Raven written in numerous entries that are thinks about how it tends to be an incredible sonnet and how...

Read Harder, Romance Style

Read Harder, Romance Style So yeah, Read Harder is about reading things you wouldn’t normally read. But there’s some benefit to some familiarity, whether in subject matter or genre. So here are a few good romances to read to help make it through the Read Harder challenge this year. (Obviously, you can’t get all of them through romance and romance-related topics, unless there’s a romance-related true crime book no one is telling me about, but most is better than none, right?) Here are the topics I’ve got for you: A book published posthumously: Merely a Marriage  by  Jo Beverly. Jo Beverly was a pioneer of historical romance, and her final book was published nearly a year after her death. A classic of genre fiction: The Grand Sophy by  Georgette Heyer. I was a latecomer to The Great Georgette. I had tried reading Faro’s Daughter and found myself far too bored to continue, but people kept encouraging me to try something else. This one is a little more of the familiar regency romance that Heyer is known to have set rolling.   A comic written and illustrated by the same person: Letters for Lucardo by Noora Heikkilä, which is also good for a comic published by someone not Big Three. And possibly a creator of color? I’m not certain. But damn, it’s beautiful. A book set in one of the BRICS countries: Sonali Dev writes vibrant, engrossing stories about Indian people and India itself, and A Distant Heart is definitely both of those things. Set in modern-day Mumbai, this one definitely qualifies for the BRICS challenge. Her other novels aren’t completely set in India, but The Bollywood Bride is probably second-longest time spent there. A book about nature: Some books on this list might be a bit of a reach, but The Countess Conspiracy is not one of them. The entire central storyline involves the reader learning way more than they expected to about floral reproduction habits, and enjoys it, too. A western: Destiny’s Embrace  by  Beverly Jenkins. For real, there are few Beverly Jenkins historicals that don’t classify as westerns, but this particular one, and the two that follow, are just so magical. Once you’re done with those, try Topaz next. You won’t regret it. A comic written or illustrated by a person of color: Alex Ada by Jonathan Luna and Sarah Vaughn. This is a strange but beautiful work of romance and science fiction. It’s so hard to explain that I’m just going to say: read it. Maybe twice. A romance novel by or about a person of color: Y’all. I made my list in the back of my planner and left twice as much space for this as the other tasks. If you’re like me, you’ve probably already read my favorite book from 2017, An Extraordinary Union. So I’m going to make the effort to try at least one new or new-to-me author this year.  For the sake of not making this post five thousand words, I’ll give you one that I’m going to read this year: Luck on the Line by Zoraida Cordova. Zoraida has gotten a lot of press this past couple years for her YA Brookly Brujas series, but she’s also got quite the backlog of adult work (and has determined that this is the year she works on another adult project). So there. Read about some chefs and stuff. A celebrity memoir: I decided to throw in a few romance-related nonfiction choices, and this is the first. She might not be a celebrity for the greater world, but Eloisa James is definitely a romance celebrity, so how about trying out her Paris in Love, about her year in Paris. Oprah’s Book Club: Not a romance, but Billie Letts’s  Where the Heart Is is a must for someone who wants the most saccharine, heartwarming, book of oddly-named people. My grandma was a religious follower of Oprah’s Book Club in the nineties and I recall this being one of the happier titles I picked up when she was finished. A book of social science: Everything I Learned About Love I Learned from Romance Novels is quite the mouthful, but it prepares you for Sarah Wendell’s hilarious prose and interesting look at the world we know. She can be pretty insightful, damn her. This particular book is a combination of literary study and sociology, so it can fall into the social science category. A one-sitting book: This one is hard, because we romance readers can turn pretty much anything into a one-sitting book (including Alexis Daria’s Dance With Me, which I read on a Saturday morning and you should, too). But what really works as a one-sitting book is a novella, and you know who writes amazing novellas? Rebekah Weatherspoon. Try Treasure  or So Sweet. Or if you’re looking for a bit of body-positive kinky goodness, try the Fit trilogy. There are tons of options just by one author alone. A sci-fi novel with a female protagonist by a female author Do you want some ridiculous in your life? Like utterly, unapologetically ridiculous? You need to read Touched By an Alien, the first in Gini Koch’s Kitty Katt series. The series involves the same couple, so is a bit different than your average romance, but the first book has all of the elements of romance with sci-fi taking only a bit of the forefront. I will warn you: this series is not good for binging. Too many at a time can get pretty overwhelming. Spread ‘em out. A comic that isn’t published by one of the Big Three: If you want to keep your tasks separate, check out Fresh Romance Volume 1, published by Oni Press. This anthology of romance stories covers the gamut of love. A book of genre fiction in translation: I was going to go with a light novel for this one, but then I remembered that I’d been ordered to read Ouran High School Host Club (seriously, ordered), and now that I’ve read the first volume, I can concur. It’s more romance adjacent than a true romance, but it’s so much fun and I can’t imagine any romance lover who likes serial art wouldn’t like it. A book with a cover you hate: This is a hard one. Hate is so relative, and goodness knows there are some…interesting covers in romance, in part because when you’re already paying to publish a book on your own, you take what you can get. But this is the real kind of cover I hate: [His Road Home] The leads in this novel are an Asian American woman and a Mexican American man. Both of these ethnicities could be represented in this cover, as each includes a range of complexions. But. There was potential to include complete faces, like this: [Wrong to Need You] But instead we get a weird fall-covered house with an American flag. I don’t even know why that part of the cover exists. There are more hospitals and hotel rooms than front porches. But it’s such a wonderful book that I have to ignore the cover. (I’ll insert here, I say the same thing about Trade Me, which has these two covers:   Guess which one I hate, for similar reasons.) A mystery by a person of color or LGBTQ+ author I have only read Kyra Daviss Just One Night, but  Sex, Murder, and a Double Latte  sounds like tons of fun. The first Sophie Katz Mystery, its got murder and a hot Russian, so Im pretty much there.   An essay anthology I don’t really know what the true definition of “essay anthology” is, so I am going to recommend Sarah Wendells  Beyond Heaving Bosoms. Separated into several different topics with fun and interesting titles, you could consider this book a collection of essays. Do anthologies have to be written by multiple people? I dunno. A book with a female protagonist over the age of 60 Highland Dragon Rebel  by Isabel Cooper. Okay, I know, that’s cheating. But if you want a romance featuring an older heroine, that woman is going to be in her thirties or forties, because romance forgets single women older than that exist. Otherwise, it’s the immortals. And let’s face it, Moiread is a pretty kick-ass immortal, so you want an excuse to read her anyway. Or, if youd like more comics, you can try  Bingo Love by Tee Franklin, Jenn St-Onge et al. Two lovely ladies in their sixties who were torn apart in their youth find each other later in life, only to fall back in love again. The graphic novel is out on Valentines Day! An assigned book I never finished Villette is a proto romance and is heralded as one of those books that stands apart, showing off a better figure than its younger sister, Jane Eyre. But hey, my Bronte/Thackeray class was winding down and my paper was on Vanity Fair, so I, uh…didn’t get very far. *** Do you have any good recommendations for books in these categories? Or maybe some of those I skipped (like colonial or postcolonial literatureâ€"I imagine Beverly Jenkins’s  Midnight is not what Rachel had in mind for “colonial”) that you know something that will work for? Share in the comments! Sign up for Kissing Books to receive  news, book recommendations, and more for residents of Romancelandia. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Censorship in 1984 by George Orwell - 1321 Words

Censorship It was terribly dangerous to let your thoughts wander when you were in any public place or within range of a telescreen. The smallest thing could give you away. A nervous tic, an unconscious look of anxiety, a habit of muttering to yourself--anything that carried with it the suggestion of abnormality, of having something to hide. In any case, to wear an improper expression on your face...; was itself a punishable offense. There was even a word for it in Newspeak: face crime... Thoughtcrime does not entail death; thoughtcrime is death. Never again will you be capable of ordinary human feeling. Everything will be dead inside you. Never again will you be capable of love, or friendship, or joy of living, or laughter,†¦show more content†¦In Nineteen Eighty-Four the memory hole is a small chute leading to a large incinerator used for censorship In the walls of the cubicle there were three orifices. To the right of the speak write, a small pneumatic tube for written messages, to the left, a larger one for newspapers; and in the side wall, within easy reach of Winstons arm, a large oblong slit protected by a wire grating. This last was for the disposal of waste paper. Similar slits existed in thousands or tens of thousands throughout the building, not only in every room but at short intervals in every corridor. For some reason they were nicknamed memory holes. When one knew that any document was due for destruction, or even when one saw a scrap of waste paper lying about, it was an automatic action to lift the flap of the nearest memory hole and drop it in, whereupon it would be whirled away on a current of warm air to the enormous furnaces which were hidden somewhere in the recesses of the building. In the novel, the memory hole is a slot into which government officials deposit politically inconvenient documents and records to be destroyed. Nineteen Eighty-Fours protagonist Winston Smith, who works in the Ministry of Truth, is routinely assigned the task of revising old newspaper articles in order to serve the propaganda interests of the government. For example, if the government had pledged that the chocolate ration would not fall below the current 30 grams per week, but in fact the rationShow MoreRelatedCensorship In 1984 By George Orwell717 Words   |  3 PagesThesis Statement: 1984 is a well-written cautionary tale that is perfectly applicable to today’s political climate and other current events. This is shown through George Orwell’s intuitive predictions of the use of censorship, his discussion of the perception and nature of reality, and his timeless depiction of a too-real society. 1984 contains an intuitive look at the role censorship plays in the lives of human beings. 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Orwell, in 1984, fabricates the â€Å"Party† as a communisti c, autocratic bureaucracy that ensures their control over their populace through unscrupulous manipulation of history and ubiquitous espionage that gives them complete control over every individual’s thoughts and feelings. Huxley, in Brave New World, establishes a governmentRead MoreThe Problem Of Self-Expression In 1984 By George Orwell848 Words   |  4 Pagesconscious (Orwell70). In George Orwells 1984 he shows the authority a government can have on ones life even when all they want is self-expression. Many are too frightened to rebel, yet when one does it impacts his life forever. Even though the society of 1984 by George Orwell claims to be complete and total censorship, the problem of wanting more self-expression is still evident which is shown through indirect characterization, symbolism, and themes. George Orwell 1984 utilizes components of indirect

All About Exterior Paint Problems and How to Fix Them

What are the safest ways to remove paint? Does exterior paint need to be taken off down to the bare wood? Do heat guns really work? These are questions homeowners around the world face. You are not alone. Fortunately, the paint problems of one persons home are the same faced by other homeowners. Believe it or not, the  U.S. Department of the Interior has come to the rescue. It wasnt until 1966 that the U.S. became serious  about preserving its historic heritage. Congress passed the National Historic Preservation Act and charged the  National Park Service (NPS)  with supporting historic preservation programs and activities. Their handy series of preservation briefs are geared toward historic buildings, but the information is great professional advice that anyone can use. Exterior Paint Problems on Historic Woodwork,  Preservation Brief 10, was written by Kay D. Weeks and David W. Look, AIA for the Technical Preservation Services. Although written back in 1982 for historic preservationists, these recommendations are good starting points for homeowners to come to terms with what needs to be done. Here is a summary of the historic preservation guidance and expertise for painting exterior wood siding — with links to more information from the original brief. Selecting the Safest Method to Remove Paint Removing paint involves work — that is, the manual labor of abrasion. How much time and effort are put into paint removal (or paint preparation) is a judgment call and may be the most difficult decision you make. Basically, you can remove paint from your homes exterior siding by three methods: 1. Abrasive: Rubbing, scraping, sanding, and generally using friction. Use a putty knife and/or a paint scraper to dislodge anything loose. Then use sandpaper (orbital or belt sanders are okay) to smooth each area. Do not use rotary drill attachments (rotary sanders and rotary wire strippers), do not water blast or pressure wash, and do not sandblast. These abrasive methods may be too harsh to the siding itself. Pressure washing above 600 psi may force moisture into places where it should not go. A gentle garden hose for cleaning up is okay. 2. Thermal and Abrasive: Heating paint to a melting point and then scraping it from the surface.  For thick layers of built-up paint, use an electric heat plate, an electric heat gun, or a hot air gun that heats from 500 °F to 800 °F. The blow torch is not recommended. 3. Chemical and Abrasive: Using a chemical reaction to soften the paint to make it easier to scrape away. For many reasons, use chemicals only as a supplement to other methods of paint removal. They are too dangerous for you and the environment. Two classes of chemicals are solvent-based strippers and caustic strippers. A third category is biochemical, which may be marketed as bio- or eco- but its the chemical part that makes it work. Paint Removal Precautions Any house built before 1978 may have lead-based paint. Do you really want to remove it? Also, dont substitute speed for safety. Only use the recommended methods listed above. Keep yourself safe and your house in one piece. Paint Surface Conditions and Recommended Treatments Ask yourself why you want to paint your house. If there is no paint failure, adding another layer of paint may actually be harmful. When paint builds up to a thickness of approximately 1/16 (approximately 16 to 30 layers), say the authors of Preservation Brief 10, one or more extra coats of paint may be enough to trigger cracking and peeling in limited or even widespread areas of the buildings surface. Repainting buildings for cosmetic reasons are not always good reasoning. Sometimes you dont need to remove old paint at all, especially for these conditions: Dirt and Grime: Sometimes road dirt and salt can make siding look worse than it is. Clean it with l/2 cup of household detergent in a gallon of water with a medium soft bristle brush and then a gentle hosing.Mildew: Clean with a medium soft brush using one cup non-ammoniated detergent, one-quart household bleach, and one gallon of water. Try to open the area to the sun to avoid further mildew.Paint chalking is that white film on the surface of old paint that is breaking down. Clean the area with a medium soft brush using l/2 cup household detergent to one gallon of water.Stained paint occurs most often from metal or wood becoming moist and coloring the painted surface. Determine the cause of the stain, but its usually unnecessary to remove the paint. Limited paint removal can be considered for these conditions: Paint Crazing: Crazing is fine, jagged interconnected breaks in the top layer of paint. It happens when a house has many layers of paint that become hard and brittle, not allowing expansion and contraction with the wood. Sand off a layer and repaint.Paint Blistering: To distinguish between solvent blistering and blistering caused by moisture, a blister should be cut open.Wrinkled Paint: This happens when the paint has been put on incorrectly. The authors call this an error in application. In a historic building, leave a small out-of-the-way patch untouched for archival purposes. A record of all of the paint layers through the history of the house is useful for future historians. Unfortunately, some conditions require complete removal of exterior paint: Paint Peeling: Before painting, remove sources of moisture inside and outside, as described by the authors: Excess interior moisture should be removed from the building through installation of exhaust fans and vents. Exterior moisture should be eliminated by correcting the following conditions prior to repainting: faulty flashing; leaking gutters; defective roof shingles; cracks and holes in siding and trim; deteriorated caulking in joints and seams; and shrubbery growing too close to painted wood.Cracking and Alligatoring: These symptoms are advanced stages of crazing. General Paint Type Recommendations Paint type is not the same aa s paint color. The type of paint to choose depends on the conditions, and most old (historic) homes will have oil-based paint somewhere in the mix. Remembering that this article was written in 1982, these authors seem to like oil-based paints. They say, The reason for recommending oil rather than latex paints is that a coat of latex paint applied directly over old oil paint is more apt to fail. Justification for Paint Removal A major purpose for exterior paint is to keep the moisture out of your home. Often you dont need to remove paint down to the bare wood. To do so usually requires harsh methods that may damage the wood. Also, the layers of paint on a house are like the rings of a tree trunk — they provide a history that future owners may want to analyze in a laboratory during an architectural investigation. Painting a house every 5 to 8 years protects exterior wood siding from moisture penetration — and can add some zing to your homes curb appeal. Regular maintenance of a house will include mere cleaning, scraping, and hand sanding. Where there is a paint failure, determine and fix the cause before you even begin a painting project. Treating paint problems often means a total painting of the structure may be unnecessary. However, if you determine that you need to paint your house, keep two things in mind before you repaint: (1) only remove the top layer of paint down to the next sound layer; and (2) use the gentlest means possible. The authors summarize their findings by repeating their cautious approach to painting and paint removal. The bottom line is this: There is no completely safe and effective method of removing old paint from exterior woodwork. Learn More PDF Secretary of the Interiors Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties With Guidelines for Preserving, Rehabilitating, Restoring, Reconstructing Historic Buildings by Kay Weeks and Anne E. Grimmer, 1995, revised 2017 by Anne E. GrimmerNotes: Headings are linked to the complete section of Preservation Brief 10 on the NPS website. Quotations are from that online version. The order of sections on this page may differ from the official version. A 12-page, black and white PDF version of Preservation Brief 10 is also available.

Aspects of Poetry Free Essays

To be able to explain the aspects of poetry to you all, I thought I would break the mini lesson down into two parts. It will help you understand the differences between a poem and a sonnet, and will make it easier to absorb all of the components involved. First we will start with a sonnet. We will write a custom essay sample on Aspects of Poetry or any similar topic only for you Order Now Let’s start by talking about just what a sonnet is. â€Å"Before Shakespeare’s day, the word â€Å"sonnet† meant simply â€Å"little song,† i. e. , a short lyric poem† (poetry. about. com, 2010). By the 1200’s, the sonnet had come to be known as a form of poetry that is comprised of 14 lines. The first type of sonnet was the Italian version, also known as the Petrarchan sonnet. The Italian sonnet is separated into two segments by two different clusters of rhyming sounds. The first 8 lines are called the octave and it serves as the question. The remaining 6 lines are called the sestet. The sestet serves as the answer to the octave, or the question. Later we came to know the English version, or the Shakespearean version. The English sonnet differs from the Italian sonnet in the way is broken down. The English sonnet has four divisions, not two. You will notice the breaks between the divisions. The first three parts are called the quatrain, and the last part is called the couplet. The couplet is an observation of the first three parts, or quatrains. I will be breaking down the aspects of a sonnet. We will discuss the theme, the language usage, and the metaphorical references that are found within the sonnet that I have chosen. It was a tough decision, but the sonnet I chose to discuss is â€Å"How do I love thee? Let me count the ways† by Elizabeth Barrett Browning [1806 – 1861] Here is the sonnet: The first aspect we will tackle is the theme. Common themes can be related to love, death, war, and others. The obvious theme in the chosen sonnet is love and the sonneteer’s feelings towards her husband to be, Robert Browning. It is a beautiful sonnet and shows just how intense her love is for her partner. The second aspect we will discuss is the use of language in the sonnet, or figures of speech. You will regularly see the use of metaphors, similes, personifications and irony in sonnets. An example of a metaphor in this sonnet is when the author states â€Å"I love thee freely, as men strive for Right† she is comparing the depth of her love with the passion a man can feel when he is defending his rights and beliefs. On the very next line, the author uses simile by stating that â€Å"I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise†. She is sizing up her love with her faith, or religion. Lastly, I believe that the author displays personification when she writes that â€Å"the ends of Being and ideal Grace† she is personifying her love with life and religion. It is the main theme that pops from the sonnet. By and large, the sonnet is just a beautiful work that expresses extremely deep and intense feelings about love for another person. I will be discussing the importance of word usage in poem. The poem I chose to discuss is â€Å"To My Dear and Loving Husband† by Anne Bradstreet [c. 1612 – 1672]. Word choice in a poem is the one key aspect to get the message across in a poem. I admit that there are some poems that you have to read over and over again to begin to get an idea of what the author is talking about. Anne Bradstreet created a lovely tribute to the husband and she is expressing just how deep and intense her love is for her partner. By using words that really bring home the powerful sentiments, the reader can comprehend almost immediately what the author is expressing. Bradstreet writes â€Å"I prize thy love more than whole mines of gold†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. she is helping the reader understand how big her love is by making a comparison to a monetary concept. She also writes â€Å"My love is such that rivers cannot quench†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. here she is making a comparison of the extreme love she feels for her husband with a physical thirst that not even a river can satisfy. That statement is intense! Lastly, Bradstreet writes â€Å"Then while we live, in love let’s so persevere†¦That when we live no more, we may live ever†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Such is the adoration for her husband that she is expressing that their love will continue even in death. Using an effective word choice in a poem will make or break a poem. It is the wording that will help get the author’s point across to the reader. â€Å"Words are capable of creating beauty or ugliness, creating mood, creating imagery, sounds, and smells† (Taylor, M, 2006). After reading this poem over and over again, I can say that I feel the love that Bradstreet is expressing. This is a great example of using the right words to get a point across. Whether you’re reading a poem or an epic novel, if you are not choosing the right words, you will not grab your readers. References: Holman, B. Snyder, M. (2010). Sonnet. Retrieved from http://poetry. about. com/od/poeticforms/g/sonnet. htm Taylor, Marilyn. â€Å"Tips For Finding the Right Words. † Writer 119. 12 (2006) Warn, E. (2010). Anne Bradstreet: â€Å"to my dear and loving husband†. Retrieved from http://www. poetryfoundation. org/learning/poem-guide. html? guide_id=238168 How to cite Aspects of Poetry, Papers

Drug Addiction in the family Essay Example For Students

Drug Addiction in the family Essay The Day in the Life of A Drug Addict I awoke to the smell of an old house, the lights were off and the house was cold and damp. Doug was nudging me saying Wake-up! I got us a wake-up . . . get out of bed! He was wide awake and holding a sixteenth of cocaine in his hand. My stomach started churring as I got up and ran to the restroom. He had woken me up many days like this but today Doug really had the dope. He enjoyed waking me up and making me think he had some After I threw up, I washed my face leaving the water running, and searched for the needles hidden under the cabinet. I gave Doug the spoon and I tried to pull thirty units of water into the syringe. Doug hit me on the side of my head and said Your shaking too much, let me do that. I pulled away from the faucet and let the syringe fall into the sink. Then I rolled up the shirt sleeve on my right arm. I looked at my arm. I had tracks, needle marks, up and down my arm. My shirt sleeve had blood stains on it from the day before. I held out my arm and demanded I get the first one and I want coke not watered down coke! Doug pulled my arm close to him and inserted the needle in my arm. As I was shaking, he told me Make this last for a while girl. I felt the dope hit me and ran out of the restroom. I was shaking and could not get my breath. I enjoyed this feeling although I knew it was not going to last. I could hear every sound outside and inside the house. My heart beat grew faster and I felt the rush going away. I wanted another fix. Doug had just got finished doing I grew scared and felt like Doug was going to do most of the cocaine. I did not want to feel the down side of this high just yet although I knew it was coming very soon. Five minutes later I fixed myself another shot of cocaine and handed it to Doug. He was shaking and could not focus on what I wanted him to do. I cried out to God asking for him to Help me. Then Doug came to some sense, he pulled my arm close to him and gave me my shot of cocaine in the same place he had done it earlier. I felt the rush and hit the floor. All my senses were focused on the feeling I was getting from the shot of cocaine I had just received. My heart was beating fast and my mind was listening to the loud sounds around me. Then the more frightened I grew, I knew someone was out to get me. I stayed afraid. I just knew I was going to get killed or I was going to jail. I felt the impulse to watch the street outside the old ran down house. I stared out the window shade and thought of how I was going to make enough money get some more cocaine that day. Doug yelled If you want more of this you best get in here! I went back into the bathroom and did the last shot of cocaine we had. Doug stared getting mad You do too much of this *censored*! He was coming down and was feeling the down side of his high. How in the hell are we going to get more today? I let Brandy use your car and she gave me this *censored*! It was not even very good! Huh? Doug always watered down the last shot of cocaine he made for me. He also enjoyed making me feel like I had done it all. .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc , .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc .postImageUrl , .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc , .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc:hover , .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc:visited , .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc:active { border:0!important; } .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc:active , .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8bfb521a2a3da7f9fd76b14da3828cfc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Human Rights Violations Essay I could only think of one thing. How was I going to stay high today. I hoped someone would come by to share their cocaine with us. I knew if they did not the day was off to a bad start. Once I had gotten high, I was no good. I was afraid This day was like many other days. I did what I had to do. I did not think of anything but staying high on the cocaine. I picked up my bible and prayed God if your .

Student Success Paper free essay sample

My Success Strategy Plan Success Strategy Plan Step 1: Student Success Strategies 1. What three success strategies (from the Student Success Strategies Guide) will you plan on using throughout your degree program to help you be a successful student? My 1st strategies is to schedule times to study and do assignments , The 2nd to attend all the live chat sessions and 3rd to log into the Virtual Campus at least twice a day. 2. Why will these strategies be most beneficial to you? Doing these steps will insure me that I have completed all assignment on time and of upcoming assignments. I will also be turning in my assignment on the due date and not after. 3. How have you changed your routine throughout this course to integrate these strategies into your day to day activity? I have changed my routine just a little through this course because since I’m not able to attend all the live chats now I have been making sure to watch the archived chat so that I can keep up with assignment, I have also been updating my calendar daily as well 4. We will write a custom essay sample on Student Success Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What did you learn from your classmates’ discussion board responses that will help you become a more successful student? How will you go about getting that support? I have joined the student mentor-ship club and have start inquiring about a student mentor and I also have my boyfriend reminding me of deadlines and help with assignments that I may need help with; two heads are better than one. 4. List the short-term goals you have, along with deadlines. Short term goals would be Good grades, character building, and start of the school year with high GPA 3. 5 – 4. 0 5. List the long-term goals you have, along with deadlines. Long term goal 1st is to earn my Degree in business administration, dead line for this is 05/15/2012 2nd goal is to enter a career in my degree field; deadline for this is 3 to 6 months after graduation. 6. What did you learn about yourself when you completed the self-assessment? I learned that with this strategist I shouldn’t have a problem with balancing work, school, and my social life. I learned what my strengths and weaknesses are. I also have learned that I need to regulate my stress levels so I can better do the things I need to do without complications. . Discuss what you will need to do in order to successfully meet the goals you have set for yourself. I will need to put in motion all these steps and tools to successfully meet the goals I have set for myself. Id I stick to this personal rubric I have made for myself I should be able to go thru my classes with no problem Step 3: Career Planning Management 1. Based on what you learned in your instructor’s Live C hat and what you know about yourself, would you consider yourself a career changer or someone who is working to advance in their field? Why? Based on professor Jan’s live chats and what I know about myself I would consider myself someone who is working to advance in my career field because I have always been a people person and feel that I would do very well in a any type of business field. Going to earning this degree will help make sure that happens 2. How would you describe the positive and negative aspects of your current career or situation? The positive aspects of my current career situation would be that pay, I work at a warehouse doing general labor so this is something that I’m doing just to pay the bill. The negative aspects of the job are the physical stress and mental stress working in a warehouse put on me. The hours are very long and the work isn’t easy 3. What are your immediate and post-graduation career goals? My post graduation career goal is to start a career or even a job with my degree. I would love to work at an actual business with an office setting or a firm of some sort; no more manual labor. An immediate goal of mine is to make A’s or B’s in all of my classes. 4. How does your choice of degree program at Colorado Technical University relate to these career goals? My degree program has a lot to do with my career goals. I choose this degree because my career goal is to be in business administration or even business management. As I stated earlier I have always wanted to work in Corporate America 5. What are the challenges and obstacles you expect to face as you strive to meet your career goals? Some Challenges and obstacles I expect to face as I strive to meet my career goals would be life. I believe work my get in my way a little, why I say life is because with life you don’t always have control of what is going to happen. Life happens and things might get in the way. 6. Specifically, how do you plan to overcome these challenges and obstacles? Hopefully I can utilize my time management skill on these random life obstacles to make sure they don’t take to much time away from class work and my goals. 7. Please list 5-7 career options you feel are both desirable and likely upon graduation. General Management, Hospitality Management, Office Admin, Operations Management, Retail Management, Sales Management, Assistant Product Manager, Human Resources Specialist, and Public Relations Rep. 8. What help do you feel you will need from the university or others in your life to reach your career goals? I feel I will need to use all the tools and programs for help that the university offers such as tutors, learning labs, and student mentors and from others in my life a little motivation and some constructive criticism. Success Strategy Plan Step 4: Technology Skills In This course I have learned a lot of new things and learn some things I am familiar with. A lot of the things I have learned are very helpful tools and programs that I enjoying using and will continue to use them throughout the ompletion of my degree program. One of the most important tools I have learn would have to be the APA Style writing, This is basically a proper style of writing and formatting a paper correctly. I have also learned proper netiquette this being the first time I have ever heard that there was a proper way to communicate online. This has taught me how to form emails and address the person or p erson’s I’m speaking or writing to in a personal and professional manner. How to correctly form text in discussion board and threw several other social web sites. Going to school at this campus has introduced me to the world of Virtual classrooms; this is the first time in my life that I have seen this type of learning system. I love the virtual classroom. I didn’t expect it to be as detailed as it is; with the live chat’s and library and other programs on the virtual campus it is actually like you are in a 3D version of school. This hands down would be the best way to learn how to network online personally and professionally these new styles of learning with most certainly help me with my professional career. Success Strategy Plan Step 5: Looking to the Future With all the new skills I have learned over these two months and some old skills that I have revised my strategy plan should work wonderfully with helping me reach my short term, long term, and in me to be successful in my future. If I use my own personal rubric there should be no way I can fail. Staying on top of my assignment will not only help me in school but when also in my career by being on top and organized. Setting up monthly calendars should also help me in the future to keep track of my daily social, career, and other aspects of my life. Managing my stress levels and keeping myself rested and in a positive mood should help my professional manners with peers, coworkers, boss’s, and clients. Completing my degree coarse with a good GPA and Good grades will also insure me in whatever career path I choose for in the future. Just by me being in school and taking action to be in control of my future is going to majorly heighten my self esteem. With a heighten esteem I will surely be able to achieve all my professional goals as well as my personal goals. If I stick to the plan there is no way I shouldn’t succeed. This new style of online school is effective and very helpful; my time management skill will come in hand with me now working and going to school at the same time. It might be a little challenging at times but I will always have this personal rubric to go back to and follow if I get side tracked. This is my Success Strategy’s Plan for school, Career, and my social life. I had a blast in the class and look forward to using this in my other classes in the future

Godwins Law

Godwins Law Godwin’s Law Godwin’s Law By Maeve Maddox Mike Godwin is an American attorney and author who formulated â€Å"Godwin’s Law† in 1990 when he made the following assertion: As an online discussion grows longer, the probability of a comparison involving Nazis or Hitler approaches 1. Note: In probability theory, an event is said to never happen when its probability is 0, and to always happen when its probability is 1. Godwin’s Law, also known as â€Å"Godwin’s Law of Nazi Analogies,† is applicable to threaded online discussions in forums, chat rooms, and on blogs. The term has earned a place in the OED: Godwin’s Law: noun. A facetious aphorism maintaining that as an online debate increases in length, it becomes inevitable that someone will eventually compare someone or something to Adolf Hitler or the Nazis. Although coined to describe an Internet phenomenon, the term is being applied to the use of â€Å"the Nazi card† in other contexts, as in this account of Ted Cruz’s filibuster to delay a vote on the Affordable Care Act: In the course of the afternoon wegot some Nazi analogies, just proving that Godwin’s Law holds for filibusters as for online discussion. and in this blog: And it’s not only online discussions that prove Godwin’s Law, I remember sitting at lunch with a construction crew when one of the carpenters brought up my work in the pro-life movement: â€Å"Yep, tea-baggers are always telling people how to live, just like the Nazis.† Clashdaily A complaint by many forum users is that the so-called law is stifling discussion. One commenter invokes a Nazi analogy and another crows, â€Å"You said Hitler, so I win!† At that point, the discussion ends. The term has spawned a verb, â€Å"to Godwin,† as in, â€Å"You Godwined this discussion!† The invocation of Godwin’s Law has come to be seen as a way to end an online discussion. Here are some complaints voiced by forum users: It seems like Godwins law is becoming a real problem for any sort of discussion on the internet. Whenever Hitler, Nazis, or the Holocaust are brought up in a discussion, the discussion is then over and the poster who mentioned the subject is derided. This wouldnt be a problem if it was just people injecting these things into seemingly unrelated topics, but people invoke Godwins law even when the Hitler/Nazi/Holocaust mention is relevant to the topic at hand. forum user Before I get started Im aware that originally â€Å"Godwins Law† didnt carry the now common meaning of You said Hitler, So I Win! that so many people seem to think it means. forum user Nazism is a cultural meme that encapsulates not just the notion of political authoritarianism, but of the worst possible human behavior towards other human beings. Note: In a theory of mental content called memetics, a meme is analogous to a gene in the theory of evolution. A meme represents a unit of culture (idea, belief, pattern of behavior) that travels from mind to mind. Perhaps Nazi analogies are best reserved for discussions of the dehumanization and inhumane treatment of large numbers of human beings. If the intention is to compare one form of authoritarianism to another, without the connotation of racism or genocide, perhaps one of the following word choices would meet the need: fascism: any form of right-wing authoritarianism. totalitarianism: Totalitarian theory and practice; the advocacy of totalitarian government. Also loosely, authoritarianism dictatorship: A system of government by the absolute rule of a single individual; despotism: The rule of a despot; despotic government; the exercise of absolute authority. autocracy: (A system of) government by one person with absolute power; a state, society, etc. governed in this way. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Incorrect Pronunciations That You Should Avoid"Latter," not "Ladder"20 Ways to Laugh

Existentialism -- Reading Intrepretation of The Stranger by Albert Essay

Existentialism -- Reading Intrepretation of The Stranger by Albert Camus - Essay Example Additionally, the idea not to have any form of remorse is also a strategy of committing other sins that are unwarranted. Therefore, I think Meursault did not intend to kill the Arab, but acted in self defense when his assailant flashed him a knife. The peculiarity of Meursault’s personality and behavior especially in the first part of the book defines a man who is disturbed by society. In other words, the character suffers from personal issues such as lack of emotions and an inner hatred that cannot be understood by other members of society. This is manifested in his queer decision to mislead his friend, Raymond to take revenge on his girlfriend for infidelity. Additionally, the weird trait is also apparent in taking Marie for sexual purposes (Camus 186). Alternatively, this spreads to the decision to turn a chance of shifting his company because of his erratic behavior that is also uncontrollable. Therefore, this suggests that he understands the above relationships and decisions in a different sense that is against the expected societal expectations. On that account, regarding authenticity in a Heideggerian sense, Meursault is not authentic. This is because he is a man who lacks both dynamic and flexibility characteristics. Similarly, the main character lacks the trait of tolerance with the other characters and society. This means there is an internal conflict that is not in tandem with the Heideggerian sense of authenticity. Additionally, the inability of Meursault to yearn for other possibilities in life such as integration is a clear indication of an inauthentic man in society. As the book ends, there is a new vision for Meursault in the context of self discovery and realization of life. The protagonist is seen ranting at a chaplain who has come to pray for him before his execution at the guillotine for the murder of an Arab. In that

Focus Plastics Plc - Producer of Moulded Plastic Essay

Focus Plastics Plc - Producer of Moulded Plastic - Essay Example The household items under the brand name ‘focus’ remain almost stagnate i.e. in 1993 it was worth 6056,000 pounds and in 2005 it remains at 6533,000 pounds. But the new product range under brand name ‘concept’ comprising storage years, mixing bowls, strainers, salad bowls, towel holders and other kitchen items, sales have grown from 3411000 pounds in 1997 to 16210,000pound in 2005. In 2005, the company started a new product range with brand name ‘concept office’ comprising filing trays, storage boxes and a range of desk items. This latest and new range of products proved very successful in the very first year of its launch and contributed 1320,000 pounds in sales. The company has divested itself completely from its industrials customers. The company has inculcated a reputation for household products for its quality in the minds of the consumers’. It has used latest technologies and trained manpower but being in an industry, where entry ba rriers are low, it faces on the inherent threat from smaller manufacturers on the pricing front. The company has planed its manufacturing facilities with a process-based layout and having all sorts of injection - molding machines of various ages from latest Robotic devices to operate manually. At the planning level, scheduling all the machines and maintaining inventory levels as well as utilization of equipment, output rates &scrap rates has to be monitored by the planning manager. In this particular area, the company is facing the problem company is also inclined to develop new and innovative products regularly because of the market requirements. Needs and preferences of customers are changing fast and the company has to cope up the changing need of its customers. So the company is always trying to develop newer products but in the process faces some problems in developing products continuously and timely.Now company is facing a new dilemma that whether it may continue with its pro duct range under brand name ‘Focus’ or to emphasize on the other product ranges namely under brand name ‘concept’ & ‘concept office’ in this situation company has to evaluate its production and operations capacities and to find out the right kind of strategies for production, warehousing and distribution.

Central Symbol In John Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums

Central Symbol In John Steinbecks The Chrysanthemums In the short story The Chrysanthemums, John Steinbeck uses the chrysanthemums as the central symbol to help the reader understand the storys plot and recognize the emotions and thoughts of the main character. Elisa Allen is an intelligent hard working woman who is unhappy and unfulfilled with her life. Her frustration arises from her husband who does not admire her as a woman and from not having mothered a child. She has a flower garden where she grows and takes care of beautiful chrysanthemums which are the only outlet for her frustration and her emptiness. The chrysanthemums in this story illustrate plenty to the reader about Elisas struggle to finding herself and fulfilling herself as a woman. Steinbeck uses the flower throughout his story to symbolize his main characters thoughts and ideas. Elisa relates herself to these chrysanthemums and her frustration is evident when she is first introduced in this story. She is a lonely, discontented woman. Her husband is always busy working in their farm, he does not pay any attention to her or her needs as a woman. She discovers an outlet for her dissatisfaction in a garden where she cultivates beautiful chrysanthemums. She takes refuge in her chrysanthemums, which symbolize herself. Steinbeck uses these lovely yet hardy flowers as a symbol to represent the soft spirit of Elisa. The chrysanthemums symbolize Elisa as well as the limitations and restrictions of her life. One can clearly see the hostility in their relationship yet she comes out as an emotionally strong woman. Elisa stiffened and her face grew tight. Henry stopped short and looked at her. Why-why, Elisa .You look so nice! Nice? You think I look nice? What do you mean by nice? Henry blundered on I dont know. I mean you look different strong and happy. I am strong? Yes, strong. (Steinbeck 218). It clearly shows her strength of mind here. Elisa took great care of their flowerbed and like her house, it was neat and carefully ordered. Elisa relates herself to the flowers and as a reader we can see that she becomes one with the plants when she tends to them. She does not feel appreciated and is neglected, but still has enough to give herself to the care of her chrysanthemums. These flowers symbol how beautiful she really is and how she wants to be seen. Steinbeck lets the reader discover that the chrysanthemums are a part of Elisa. Elisas chrysanthemums also represent children that she does not have. Nurturing and taking care of these flowers satisfies her barren maternal instincts. The care she tends her garden with symbolizes her desire to look after children. The reader gets the feeling that they are her children and she looks after them like a mother. The chrysanthemums symbolize Elisas desire to be a mother and her children as well. She takes care of her garden and handles the chrysanthemums with a lot of love and attention just as she would tend to her own children. Elisa is very protective of her flowers and yet very proud to show them off like any mother would have been. She spread the leaves and looked down among the close-growing stems. No aphids were there, no sow bugs or snails or cutworms. Her terrier fingers destroyed such pests before they could get started (Steinbeck 212). She feels these insects will harm her flowers so she removes them before they can do any damage. Just as any good mother she does not want to see her children get hurt and she is happy and pleased to nurture these beautiful flowers. Elisas pride to grow such beautiful chrysanthemums show that the flowers in some ways replace for the fact that she has no children. The reader also sees that when the tinker praises her garden she swells with pride, almost feeling like she herself, and her children are being admired. The blossoming of these flowers to Elisa is like her own children shinning. These flowers clearly symbolise her needs as a woman, her need to be a mother and how she feels. In conclusion, we can understand that John Steinbeck uses many symbols in The Chrysanthemums. Elisas garden and the chrysanthemums all symbolize different phases of her life. The use of symbols in this story plays an important role in the readers understanding of the plot. Imagery and symbolism are well placed throughout the story to help explain Elisas feelings, her deepest fears and desires. They also establish the chrysanthemums as a direct extension of herself. After reading this short story one must wonder if Elisa will continue to live this discontented and unhappy lifestyle or will she finally blossom like one of her chrysanthemums?

Explain the characteristics of assessment for learning Essay

Assessment for learning focuses on the learning process and how to improve a child’s academic progression, finding out where pupils are within a learning range, where they need to go and how best to get there. A variety of assessment for learning strategies can be used to aide children in their learning and these can be adopted by teachers to gain an understanding of what has been achieved and what next steps will be required to take a child’s learning forward. Typical characteristics of assessment for learning are; †¢ Enable teachers to plan the next stages in a child’s learning to ensure individual progress. †¢ Provide a consistent whole school approach that encourages teaching and learning. †¢ To make sure that pupils are actively involved in lessons from the very start. †¢ Helping pupils understand and know the standard of work that they are aiming for in class by asking questions of themselves i.e. â€Å"what have I learnt?† ~ â€Å"what could I have done to improve on that piece of work?† †¢ Providing constructive feedback that will help pupils identify improvement and by also educating pupils in self assessment methods in order to ascertain areas for development . †¢ In order for teachers and pupils to play an important role in facilitating learning experiences then there must be an element of active listening from both child and teacher. †¢ Have faith that every child can progress in contrast to earlier achievements they had made. †¢ By recognising that enthusiasm and self esteem which is vital for effective learning and progress will be increased by using effective assessment methods. †¢ In order for pupils to understand where they are in their learning they should be encouraged to think, ask question and work together in groups as this will allow them to evaluate their own understanding. †¢ Pupils should be encouraged to connect their learning to other lessons, topics or life outside of school.

Angels Demons Chapter 134-137

134 Camerlegno Ventresca's white robe billowed as he moved down the hallway away from the Sistine Chapel. The Swiss Guards had seemed perplexed when he emerged all alone from the chapel and told them he needed a moment of solitude. But they had obeyed, letting him go. Now as he rounded the corner and left their sight, the camerlegno felt a maelstrom of emotions like nothing he thought possible in human experience. He had poisoned the man he called â€Å"Holy Father,† the man who addressed him as â€Å"my son.† The camerlegno had always believed the words â€Å"father† and â€Å"son† were religious tradition, but now he knew the diabolical truth – the words had been literal. Like that fateful night weeks ago, the camerlegno now felt himself reeling madly through the darkness. It was raining the morning the Vatican staff banged on the camerlegno's door, awakening him from a fitful sleep. The Pope, they said, was not answering his door or his phone. The clergy were frightened. The camerlegno was the only one who could enter the Pope's chambers unannounced. The camerlegno entered alone to find the Pope, as he was the night before, twisted and dead in his bed. His Holiness's face looked like that of Satan. His tongue black like death. The Devil himself had been sleeping in the Pope's bed. The camerlegno felt no remorse. God had spoken. Nobody would see the treachery†¦ not yet. That would come later. He announced the terrible news – His Holiness was dead of a stroke. Then the camerlegno prepared for conclave. Mother Maria's voice was whispering in his ear. â€Å"Never break a promise to God.† â€Å"I hear you, Mother,† he replied. â€Å"It is a faithless world. They need to be brought back to the path of righteousness. Horror and Hope. It is the only way.† â€Å"Yes,† she said. â€Å"If not you†¦ then who? Who will lead the church out of darkness?† Certainly not one of the preferiti. They were old†¦ walking death†¦ liberals who would follow the Pope, endorsing science in his memory, seeking modern followers by abandoning the ancient ways. Old men desperately behind the times, pathetically pretending they were not. They would fail, of course. The church's strength was its tradition, not its transience. The whole world was transitory. The church did not need to change, it simply needed to remind the world it was relevant! Evil lives! God will overcome! The church needed a leader. Old men do not inspire! Jesus inspired! Young, vibrant, powerful†¦ Miraculous. â€Å"Enjoy your tea,† the camerlegno told the four preferiti, leaving them in the Pope's private library before conclave. â€Å"Your guide will be here soon.† The preferiti thanked him, all abuzz that they had been offered a chance to enter the famed Passetto. Most uncommon! The camerlegno, before leaving them, had unlocked the door to the Passetto, and exactly on schedule, the door had opened, and a foreign-looking priest with a torch had ushered the excited preferiti in. The men had never come out. They will be the Horror. I will be the Hope. No†¦ I am the horror. The camerlegno staggered now through the darkness of St. Peter's Basilica. Somehow, through the insanity and guilt, through the images of his father, through the pain and revelation, even through the pull of the morphine†¦ he had found a brilliant clarity. A sense of destiny. I know my purpose, he thought, awed by the lucidity of it. From the beginning, nothing tonight had gone exactly as he had planned. Unforeseen obstacles had presented themselves, but the camerlegno had adapted, making bold adjustments. Still, he had never imagined tonight would end this way, and yet now he saw the preordained majesty of it. It could end no other way. Oh, what terror he had felt in the Sistine Chapel, wondering if God had forsaken him! Oh, what deeds He had ordained! He had fallen to his knees, awash with doubt, his ears straining for the voice of God but hearing only silence. He had begged for a sign. Guidance. Direction. Was this God's will? The church destroyed by scandal and abomination? No! God was the one who had willed the camerlegno to act! Hadn't He? Then he had seen it. Sitting on the altar. A sign. Divine communication – something ordinary seen in an extraordinary light. The crucifix. Humble, wooden. Jesus on the cross. In that moment, it had all come clear†¦ the camerlegno was not alone. He would never be alone. This was His will†¦ His meaning. God had always asked great sacrifice of those he loved most. Why had the camerlegno been so slow to understand? Was he too fearful? Too humble? It made no difference. God had found a way. The camerlegno even understood now why Robert Langdon had been saved. It was to bring the truth. To compel this ending. This was the sole path to the church's salvation! The camerlegno felt like he was floating as he descended into the Niche of the Palliums. The surge of morphine seemed relentless now, but he knew God was guiding him. In the distance, he could hear the cardinals clamoring in confusion as they poured from the chapel, yelling commands to the Swiss Guard. But they would never find him. Not in time. The camerlegno felt himself drawn†¦ faster†¦ descending the stairs into the sunken area where the ninety-nine oil lamps shone brightly. God was returning him to Holy Ground. The camerlegno moved toward the grate covering the hole that led down to the Necropolis. The Necropolis is where this night would end. In the sacred darkness below. He lifted an oil lamp, preparing to descend. But as he moved across the Niche, the camerlegno paused. Something about this felt wrong. How did this serve God? A solitary and silent end? Jesus had suffered before the eyes of the entire world. Surely this could not be God's will! The camerlegno listened for the voice of his God, but heard only the blurring buzz of drugs. â€Å"Carlo.† It was his mother. â€Å"God has plans for you.† Bewildered, the camerlegno kept moving. Then, without warning, God arrived. The camerlegno stopped short, staring. The light of the ninety-nine oil lanterns had thrown the camerlegno's shadow on the marble wall beside him. Giant and fearful. A hazy form surrounded by golden light. With flames flickering all around him, the camerlegno looked like an angel ascending to heaven. He stood a moment, raising his arms to his sides, watching his own image. Then he turned, looking back up the stairs. God's meaning was clear. Three minutes had passed in the chaotic hallways outside the Sistine Chapel, and still nobody could locate the camerlegno. It was as if the man had been swallowed up by the night. Mortati was about to demand a full-scale search of Vatican City when a roar of jubilation erupted outside in St. Peter's Square. The spontaneous celebration of the crowd was tumultuous. The cardinals all exchanged startled looks. Mortati closed his eyes. â€Å"God help us.† For the second time that evening, the College of Cardinals flooded onto St. Peter's Square. Langdon and Vittoria were swept up in the jostling crowd of cardinals, and they too emerged into the night air. The media lights and cameras were all pivoted toward the basilica. And there, having just stepped onto the sacred Papal Balcony located in the exact center of the towering fa;ade, Camerlegno Carlo Ventresca stood with his arms raised to the heavens. Even far away, he looked like purity incarnate. A figurine. Dressed in white. Flooded with light. The energy in the square seemed to grow like a cresting wave, and all at once the Swiss Guard barriers gave way. The masses streamed toward the basilica in a euphoric torrent of humanity. The onslaught rushed forward – people crying, singing, media cameras flashing. Pandemonium. As the people flooded in around the front of the basilica, the chaos intensified, until it seemed nothing could stop it. And then something did. High above, the camerlegno made the smallest of gestures. He folded his hands before him. Then he bowed his head in silent prayer. One by one, then dozens by dozens, then hundreds by hundreds, the people bowed their heads along with him. The square fell silent†¦ as if a spell had been cast. In his mind, swirling and distant now, the camerlegno's prayers were a torrent of hopes and sorrows†¦ forgive me, Father†¦ Mother†¦ full of grace†¦ you are the church†¦ may you understand this sacrifice of your only begotten son. Oh, my Jesus†¦ save us from the fires of hell†¦ take all souls to heaven, especially, those most in need of thy mercy†¦ The camerlegno did not open his eyes to see the throngs below him, the television cameras, the whole world watching. He could feel it in his soul. Even in his anguish, the unity of the moment was intoxicating. It was as if a connective web had shot out in all directions around the globe. In front of televisions, at home, and in cars, the world prayed as one. Like synapses of a giant heart all firing in tandem, the people reached for God, in dozens of languages, in hundreds of countries. The words they whispered were newborn and yet as familiar to them as their own voices†¦ ancient truths†¦ imprinted on the soul. The consonance felt eternal. As the silence lifted, the joyous strains of singing began to rise again. He knew the moment had come. Most Holy Trinity, I offer Thee the most precious Body, Blood, Soul†¦ in reparation for the outrages, sacrileges, and indifferences†¦ The camerlegno already felt the physical pain setting in. It was spreading across his skin like a plague, making him want to claw at his flesh like he had weeks ago when God had first come to him. Do not forget what pain Jesus endured. He could taste the fumes now in his throat. Not even the morphine could dull the bite. My work here is done. The Horror was his. The Hope was theirs. In the Niche of the Palliums, the camerlegno had followed God's will and anointed his body. His hair. His face. His linen robe. His flesh. He was soaking now with the sacred, vitreous oils from the lamps. They smelled sweet like his mother, but they burned. His would be a merciful ascension. Miraculous and swift. And he would leave behind not scandal†¦ but a new strength and wonder. He slipped his hand into the pocket of his robe and fingered the small, golden lighter he had brought with him from the Pallium incendiario. He whispered a verse from Judgments. And when the flame went up toward heaven, the angel of the Lord ascended in the flame. He positioned his thumb. They were singing in St. Peter's Square†¦ The vision the world witnessed no one would ever forget. High above on the balcony, like a soul tearing free of its corporeal restrains, a luminous pyre of flame erupted from the camerlegno's center. The fire shot upward, engulfing his entire body instantly. He did not scream. He raised his arms over his head and looked toward heaven. The conflagration roared around him, entirely shrouding his body in a column of light. It raged for what seemed like an eternity, the whole world bearing witness. The light flared brighter and brighter. Then, gradually, the flames dissipated. The camerlegno was gone. Whether he had collapsed behind the balustrade or evaporated into thin air was impossible to tell. All that was left was a cloud of smoke spiraling skyward over Vatican City. 135 Dawn came late to Rome. An early rainstorm had washed the crowds from St. Peter's Square. The media stayed on, huddling under umbrellas and in vans, commentating on the evening's events. Across the world, churches overflowed. It was a time of reflection and discussion†¦ in all religions. Questions abounded, and yet the answers seemed only to bring deeper questions. Thus far, the Vatican had remained silent, issuing no statement whatsoever. Deep in the Vatican Grottoes, Cardinal Mortati knelt alone before the open sarcophagus. He reached in and closed the old man's blackened mouth. His Holiness looked peaceful now. In quiet repose for eternity. At Mortati's feet was a golden urn, heavy with ashes. Mortati had gathered the ashes himself and brought them here. â€Å"A chance for forgiveness,† he said to His Holiness, laying the urn inside the sarcophagus at the Pope's side. â€Å"No love is greater than that of a father for His son.† Mortati tucked the urn out of sight beneath the papal robes. He knew this sacred grotto was reserved exclusively for the relics of Popes, but somehow Mortati sensed this was appropriate. â€Å"Signore?† someone said, entering the grottoes. It was Lieutenant Chartrand. He was accompanied by three Swiss Guards. â€Å"They are ready for you in conclave.† Mortati nodded. â€Å"In a moment.† He gazed one last time into the sarcophagus before him, and then stood up. He turned to the guards. â€Å"It is time for His Holiness to have the peace he has earned.† The guards came forward and with enormous effort slid the lid of the Pope's sarcophagus back into place. It thundered shut with finality. Mortati was alone as he crossed the Borgia Courtyard toward the Sistine Chapel. A damp breeze tossed his robe. A fellow cardinal emerged from the Apostolic Palace and strode beside him. â€Å"May I have the honor of escorting you to conclave, signore?† â€Å"The honor is mine.† â€Å"Signore,† the cardinal said, looking troubled. â€Å"The college owes you an apology for last night. We were blinded by – â€Å" â€Å"Please,† Mortati replied. â€Å"Our minds sometimes see what our hearts wish were true.† The cardinal was silent a long time. Finally he spoke. â€Å"Have you been told? You are no longer our Great Elector.† Mortati smiled. â€Å"Yes. I thank God for small blessings.† â€Å"The college insisted you be eligible.† â€Å"It seems charity is not dead in the church.† â€Å"You are a wise man. You would lead us well.† â€Å"I am an old man. I would lead you briefly.† They both laughed. As they reached the end of the Borgia Courtyard, the cardinal hesitated. He turned to Mortati with a troubled mystification, as if the precarious awe of the night before had slipped back into his heart. â€Å"Were you aware,† the cardinal whispered, â€Å"that we found no remains on the balcony?† Mortati smiled. â€Å"Perhaps the rain washed them away.† The man looked to the stormy heavens. â€Å"Yes, perhaps†¦Ã¢â‚¬  136 The midmorning sky still hung heavy with clouds as the Sistine Chapel's chimney gave up its first faint puffs of white smoke. The pearly wisps curled upward toward the firmament and slowly dissipated. Far below, in St. Peter's Square, reporter Gunther Glick watched in reflective silence. The final chapter†¦ Chinita Macri approached him from behind and hoisted her camera onto her shoulder. â€Å"It's time,† she said. Glick nodded dolefully. He turned toward her, smoothed his hair, and took a deep breath. My last transmission, he thought. A small crowd had gathered around them to watch. â€Å"Live in sixty seconds,† Macri announced. Glick glanced over his shoulder at the roof of the Sistine Chapel behind him. â€Å"Can you get the smoke?† Macri patiently nodded. â€Å"I know how to frame a shot, Gunther.† Glick felt dumb. Of course she did. Macri's performance behind the camera last night had probably won her the Pulitzer. His performance, on the other hand†¦ he didn't want to think about it. He was sure the BBC would let him go; no doubt they would have legal troubles from numerous powerful entities†¦ CERN and George Bush among them. â€Å"You look good,† Chinita patronized, looking out from behind her camera now with a hint of concern. â€Å"I wonder if I might offer you†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She hesitated, holding her tongue. â€Å"Some advice?† Macri sighed. â€Å"I was only going to say that there's no need to go out with a bang.† â€Å"I know,† he said. â€Å"You want a straight wrap.† â€Å"The straightest in history. I'm trusting you.† Glick smiled. A straight wrap? Is she crazy? A story like last night's deserved so much more. A twist. A final bombshell. An unforeseen revelation of shocking truth. Fortunately, Glick had just the ticket waiting in the wings†¦ * * * â€Å"You're on in†¦ five†¦ four†¦ three†¦Ã¢â‚¬  As Chinita Macri looked through her camera, she sensed a sly glint in Glick's eye. I was insane to let him do this, she thought. What was I thinking? But the moment for second thoughts had passed. They were on. â€Å"Live from Vatican City,† Glick announced on cue, â€Å"this is Gunther Glick reporting.† He gave the camera a solemn stare as the white smoke rose behind him from the Sistine Chapel. â€Å"Ladies and gentlemen, it is now official. Cardinal Saverio Mortati, a seventy-nine-year-old progressive, has just been elected the next Pope of Vatican City. Although an unlikely candidate, Mortati was chosen by an unprecedented unanimous vote by the College of Cardinals.† As Macri watched him, she began to breathe easier. Glick seemed surprisingly professional today. Even austere. For the first time in his life, Glick actually looked and sounded somewhat like a newsman. â€Å"And as we reported earlier,† Glick added, his voice intensifying perfectly, â€Å"the Vatican has yet to offer any statement whatsoever regarding the miraculous events of last night.† Good. Chinita's nervousness waned some more. So far, so good. Glick's expression grew sorrowful now. â€Å"And though last night was a night of wonder, it was also a night of tragedy. Four cardinals perished in yesterday's conflict, along with Commander Olivetti and Captain Rocher of the Swiss Guard, both in the line of duty. Other casualties include Leonardo Vetra, the renowned CERN physicist and pioneer of antimatter technology, as well as Maximilian Kohler, the director of CERN, who apparently came to Vatican City in an effort to help but reportedly passed away in the process. No official report has been issued yet on Mr. Kohler's death, but conjecture is that he died due to complications brought on by a long-time illness.† Macri nodded. The report was going perfectly. Just as they discussed. â€Å"And in the wake of the explosion in the sky over the Vatican last night, CERN's antimatter technology has become the hot topic among scientists, sparking excitement and controversy. A statement read by Mr. Kohler's assistant in Geneva, Sylvie Baudeloque, announced this morning that CERN's board of directors, although enthusiastic about antimatter's potential, are suspending all research and licensing until further inquiries into its safety can be examined.† Excellent, Macri thought. Home stretch. â€Å"Notably absent from our screens tonight,† Glick reported, â€Å"is the face of Robert Langdon, the Harvard professor who came to Vatican City yesterday to lend his expertise during this Illuminati crisis. Although originally thought to have perished in the antimatter blast, we now have reports that Langdon was spotted in St. Peter's Square after the explosion. How he got there is still speculation, although a spokesman from Hospital Tiberina claims that Mr. Langdon fell out of the sky into the Tiber River shortly after midnight, was treated, and released.† Glick arched his eyebrows at the camera. â€Å"And if that is true†¦ it was indeed a night of miracles.† Perfect ending! Macri felt herself smiling broadly. Flawless wrap! Now sign off! But Glick did not sign off. Instead, he paused a moment and then stepped toward the camera. He had a mysterious smile. â€Å"But before we sign off†¦Ã¢â‚¬  No! â€Å"†¦ I would like to invite a guest to join me.† Chinita's hands froze on the camera. A guest? What the hell is he doing? What guest! Sign off! But she knew it was too late. Glick had committed. â€Å"The man I am about to introduce,† Glick said, â€Å"is an American†¦ a renowned scholar.† Chinita hesitated. She held her breath as Glick turned to the small crowd around them and motioned for his guest to step forward. Macri said a silent prayer. Please tell me he somehow located Robert Langdon†¦ and not some Illuminati-conspiracy nutcase. But as Glick's guest stepped out, Macri's heart sank. It was not Robert Langdon at all. It was a bald man in blue jeans and a flannel shirt. He had a cane and thick glasses. Macri felt terror. Nutcase! â€Å"May I introduce,† Glick announced, â€Å"the renowned Vatican scholar from De Paul University in Chicago. Dr. Joseph Vanek.† Macri now hesitated as the man joined Glick on camera. This was no conspiracy buff; Macri had actually heard of this guy. â€Å"Dr. Vanek,† Glick said. â€Å"You have some rather startling information to share with us regarding last night's conclave.† â€Å"I do indeed,† Vanek said. â€Å"After a night of such surprises, it is hard to imagine there are any surprises left†¦ and yet†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He paused. Glick smiled. â€Å"And yet, there is a strange twist to all this.† Vanek nodded. â€Å"Yes. As perplexing as this will sound, I believe the College of Cardinals unknowingly elected two Popes this weekend.† Macri almost dropped the camera. Glick gave a shrewd smile. â€Å"Two Popes, you say?† The scholar nodded. â€Å"Yes. I should first say that I have spent my life studying the laws of papal election. Conclave judicature is extremely complex, and much of it is now forgotten or ignored as obsolete. Even the Great Elector is probably not aware of what I am about to reveal. Nonetheless†¦ according to the ancient forgotten laws put forth in the Romano Pontifici Eligendo, Numero 63†¦ balloting is not the only method by which a Pope can be elected. There is another, more divine method. It is called ‘Acclamation by Adoration.'† He paused. â€Å"And it happened last night.† Glick gave his guest a riveted look. â€Å"Please, go on.† â€Å"As you may recall,† the scholar continued, â€Å"last night, when Camerlegno Carlo Ventresca was standing on the roof of the basilica, all of the cardinals below began calling out his name in unison.† â€Å"Yes, I recall.† â€Å"With that image in mind, allow me to read verbatim from the ancient electoral laws.† The man pulled some papers from his pocket, cleared his throat, and began to read. â€Å"‘Election by Adoration occurs when†¦ all the cardinals, as if by inspiration of the Holy Spirit, freely and spontaneously, unanimously and aloud, proclaim one individual's name.'† Glick smiled. â€Å"So you're saying that last night, when the cardinals chanted Carlo Ventresca's name together, they actually elected him Pope?† â€Å"They did indeed. Furthermore, the law states that Election by Adoration supercedes the cardinal eligibility requirement and permits any clergyman – ordained priest, bishop, or cardinal – to be elected. So, as you can see, the camerlegno was perfectly qualified for papal election by this procedure.† Dr. Vanek looked directly into the camera now. â€Å"The facts are these†¦ Carlo Ventresca was elected Pope last night. He reigned for just under seventeen minutes. And had he not ascended miraculously into a pillar of fire, he would now be buried in the Vatican Grottoes along with the other Popes.† â€Å"Thank you, doctor.† Glick turned to Macri with a mischievous wink. â€Å"Most illuminating†¦Ã¢â‚¬  137 High atop the steps of the Roman Coliseum, Vittoria laughed and called down to him. â€Å"Robert, hurry up! I knew I should have married a younger man!† Her smile was magic. He struggled to keep up, but his legs felt like stone. â€Å"Wait,† he begged. â€Å"Please†¦Ã¢â‚¬  There was a pounding in his head. Robert Langdon awoke with a start. Darkness. He lay still for a long time in the foreign softness of the bed, unable to figure out where he was. The pillows were goose down, oversized and wonderful. The air smelled of potpourri. Across the room, two glass doors stood open to a lavish balcony, where a light breeze played beneath a glistening cloud-swept moon. Langdon tried to remember how he had gotten here†¦ and where here was. Surreal wisps of memory sifted back into his consciousness†¦ A pyre of mystical fire†¦ an angel materializing from out of the crowd†¦ her soft hand taking his and leading him into the night†¦ guiding his exhausted, battered body through the streets†¦ leading him here†¦ to this suite†¦ propping him half-sleeping in a scalding hot shower†¦ leading him to this bed†¦ and watching over him as he fell asleep like the dead. In the dimness now, Langdon could see a second bed. The sheets were tousled, but the bed was empty. From one of the adjoining rooms, he could hear the faint, steady stream of a shower. As he gazed at Vittoria's bed, he saw a boldly embroidered seal on her pillowcase. It read: HOTEL BERNINI. Langdon had to smile. Vittoria had chosen well. Old World luxury overlooking Bernini's Triton Fountain†¦ there was no more fitting hotel in all of Rome. As Langdon lay there, he heard a pounding and realized what had awoken him. Someone was knocking at the door. It grew louder. Confused, Langdon got up. Nobody knows we're here, he thought, feeling a trace of uneasiness. Donning a luxuriant Hotel Bernini robe, he walked out of the bedroom into the suite's foyer. He stood a moment at the heavy oak door, and then pulled it open. A powerful man adorned in lavish purple and yellow regalia stared down at him. â€Å"I am Lieutenant Chartrand,† the man said. â€Å"Vatican Swiss Guard.† Langdon knew full well who he was. â€Å"How†¦ how did you find us?† â€Å"I saw you leave the square last night. I followed you. I'm relieved you're still here.† Langdon felt a sudden anxiety, wondering if the cardinals had sent Chartrand to escort Langdon and Vittoria back to Vatican City. After all, the two of them were the only two people beyond the College of Cardinals who knew the truth. They were a liability. â€Å"His Holiness asked me to give this to you,† Chartrand said, handing over an envelope sealed with the Vatican signet. Langdon opened the envelope and read the handwritten note. Mr. Langdon and Ms. Vetra, Although it is my profound desire to request your discretion in the matters of the past 24 hours, I cannot possibly presume to ask more of you than you have already given. I therefore humbly retreat hoping only that you let your hearts guide you in this matter. The world seems a better place today†¦ maybe the questions are more powerful than the answers. My door is always open, His Holiness, Saverio Mortati Langdon read the message twice. The College of Cardinals had obviously chosen a noble and munificent leader. Before Langdon could say anything, Chartrand produced a small package. â€Å"A token of thanks from His Holiness.† Langdon took the package. It was heavy, wrapped in brown paper. â€Å"By his decree,† Chartrand said, â€Å"this artifact is on indefinite loan to you from the sacred Papal Vault. His Holiness asks only that in your last will and testament you ensure it finds its way home.† Langdon opened the package and was struck speechless. It was the brand. The Illuminati Diamond. Chartrand smiled. â€Å"May peace be with you.† He turned to go. â€Å"Thank†¦ you,† Langdon managed, his hands trembling around the precious gift. The guard hesitated in the hall. â€Å"Mr. Langdon, may I ask you something?† â€Å"Of course.† â€Å"My fellow guards and I are curious. Those last few minutes†¦ what happened up there in the helicopter?† Langdon felt a rush of anxiety. He knew this moment was coming – the moment of truth. He and Vittoria had talked about it last night as they stole away from St. Peter's Square. And they had made their decision. Even before the Pope's note. Vittoria's father had dreamed his antimatter discovery would bring about a spiritual awakening. Last night's events were no doubt not what he had intended, but the undeniable fact remained†¦ at this moment, around the world, people were considering God in ways they never had before. How long the magic would last, Langdon and Vittoria had no idea, but they knew they could never shatter the wonderment with scandal and doubt. The Lord works in strange ways, Langdon told himself, wondering wryly if maybe†¦ just maybe†¦ yesterday had been God's will after all. â€Å"Mr. Langdon?† Chartrand repeated. â€Å"I was asking about the helicopter?† Langdon gave a sad smile. â€Å"Yes, I know†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He felt the words flow not from his mind but from his heart. â€Å"Perhaps it was the shock of the fall†¦ but my memory†¦ it seems†¦ it's all a blur†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Chartrand slumped. â€Å"You remember nothing?† Langdon sighed. â€Å"I fear it will remain a mystery forever.† When Robert Langdon returned to the bedroom, the vision awaiting him stopped him in his tracks. Vittoria stood on the balcony, her back to the railing, her eyes gazing deeply at him. She looked like a heavenly apparition†¦ a radiant silhouette with the moon behind her. She could have been a Roman goddess, enshrouded in her white terrycloth robe, the drawstring cinched tight, accentuating her slender curves. Behind her, a pale mist hung like a halo over Bernini's Triton Fountain. Langdon felt wildly drawn to her†¦ more than to any woman in his life. Quietly, he lay the Illuminati Diamond and the Pope's letter on his bedside table. There would be time to explain all of that later. He went to her on the balcony. Vittoria looked happy to see him. â€Å"You're awake,† she said, in a coy whisper. â€Å"Finally.† Langdon smiled. â€Å"Long day.† She ran a hand through her luxuriant hair, the neck of her robe falling open slightly. â€Å"And now†¦ I suppose you want your reward.† The comment took Langdon off guard. â€Å"I'm†¦ sorry?† â€Å"We're adults, Robert. You can admit it. You feel a longing. I see it in your eyes. A deep, carnal hunger.† She smiled. â€Å"I feel it too. And that craving is about to be satisfied.† â€Å"It is?† He felt emboldened and took a step toward her. â€Å"Completely.† She held up a room-service menu. â€Å"I ordered everything they've got.† The feast was sumptuous. They dined together by moonlight†¦ sitting on their balcony†¦ savoring frisee, truffles, and risotto. They sipped Dolcetto wine and talked late into the night. Langdon did not need to be a symbologist to read the signs Vittoria was sending him. During dessert of boysenberry cream with savoiardi and steaming Romcaffe, Vittoria pressed her bare legs against his beneath the table and fixed him with a sultry stare. She seemed to be willing him to set down his fork and carry her off in his arms. But Langdon did nothing. He remained the perfect gentleman. Two can play at this game, he thought, hiding a roguish smile. When all the food was eaten, Langdon retired to the edge of his bed where he sat alone, turning the Illuminati Diamond over and over in his hands, making repeated comments about the miracle of its symmetry. Vittoria stared at him, her confusion growing to an obvious frustration. â€Å"You find that ambigram terribly interesting, don't you?† she demanded. Langdon nodded. â€Å"Mesmerizing.† â€Å"Would you say it's the most interesting thing in this room?† Langdon scratched his head, making a show of pondering it. â€Å"Well, there is one thing that interests me more.† She smiled and took a step toward him. â€Å"That being?† â€Å"How you disproved that Einstein theory using tuna fish.† Vittoria threw up her hands. â€Å"Dio m? ¬o! Enough with the tuna fish! Don't play with me, I'm warning you.† Langdon grinned. â€Å"Maybe for your next experiment, you could study flounders and prove the earth is flat.† Vittoria was steaming now, but the first faint hints of an exasperated smile appeared on her lips. â€Å"For your information, professor, my next experiment will make scientific history. I plan to prove neutrinos have mass.† â€Å"Neutrinos have mass?† Langdon shot her a stunned look. â€Å"I didn't even know they were Catholic!† With one fluid motion, she was on him, pinning him down. â€Å"I hope you believe in life after death, Robert Langdon.† Vittoria was laughing as she straddled him, her hands holding him down, her eyes ablaze with a mischievous fire. â€Å"Actually,† he choked, laughing harder now, â€Å"I've always had trouble picturing anything beyond this world.† â€Å"Really? So you've never had a religious experience? A perfect moment of glorious rapture?† Langdon shook his head. â€Å"No, and I seriously doubt I'm the kind of man who could ever have a religious experience.† Vittoria slipped off her robe. â€Å"You've never been to bed with a yoga master, have you?†